Marketing Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Promoting Management - Assignment Example Coca-Cola offers in excess of 500 brands in 200 nations serving 1.7 billion every day. The objective market of Coca-Cola isn't limited to any zone, sexual orientation or age. Actually, it is all around present and serves homes, workplaces, bars and cafés; it relates to adolescents, while is additionally focuses on the more seasoned age gatherings. The selling idea was exemplified in the considering Coca-Cola previous VP Sergio Zyman who said â€Å"the principle goal of advertising was to offer more stuff to more individuals all the more regularly for more cash to acquire profits.† (Yoffie and Wang, 2002) Coca Cola utilizes two assortments - one with sugar and another for all clients. The item bundling fuses the shape bottle structure and the dynamic lace, shape and structure. The jug some of the time incorporates the local language of the area and it is planned in a similar size as the drink containers or jars. Pepsi is the fundamental adversary of Coca Cola and numerous neighborhood brands contend with Coke in different districts too. Coca-Cola creates in excess of 35,000 drinks. The organization utilizes multi-brand showcasing technique, offering a wide scope of refreshment items to guarantee clients a wide decision. The significant brands propelled are Coca-Cola, Fanta, Sprite and Diet Coke. Diet refreshment was propelled in 2001. In addition, organic product drinks, espressos, and different types of beverages were likewise presented. Mineral water Kinley was propelled soon a short time later (Dawar and Dai, 2003). Moreover, syrups and concentrates are likewise part of the product offering up. For wellbeing cognizant clients, caffeinated beverages, for example, Powerade have been propelled as well. Coca Cola are bundled into 2 liters, 1.25 liters, 600 ml and 300 ml bundles and these are additionally accessible in 375 ml aluminum jars. Coca-Cola supported separated valuing model. Meet-the-opposition valuing and mental estimating models are utilized, which is reasonable for differing client sections and there are numerous items in a

Why Do People Switch Careers

Today there are many individuals who can be considered in the public eye as having numerous vocations or different profession encounters. In this manner, it is conceivable to talk about the propensity to switch professions affected by various components. These huge elements are effectively talked about by the therapists and sociologists.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Why Do People Switch Careers? explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is run of the mill to express that the reality of changing the person’s profession is regularly a consequence of the individual’s expectation to arrive at unequivocal objectives and understand the open door for the self-awareness. Subsequently, this choice is influenced by the individual elements. In any case, in her article â€Å"Changing Careers: The Effect of Social Context†, Monica Higgins gives that the individual’s choice to switch vocations is as a rule impacted by certain re lational relations which structure the social setting for the person. In spite of the fact that individuals as a rule choose to switch their profession in view of a scope of abstract and individual factors, the social setting and the job of guides can be considered as persuasive parts of the person’s ultimate choice to change the vocation since they gain the important instructive and enthusiastic help for understanding changing the activity. The dissatisfactory circumstance at the working environment and such factors as the contentions with associates, the absence of enthusiasm for work, and the absence of the work achievement or acknowledgment incite the improvement of the thought regarding conceivable changing the vocation as an approach to fathom the positive troubles, and this thought turns into the individual aim when the individual gets the enthusiastic help and starts to see the points of view and the open doors for their further profession progress at the other spot. In this manner, â€Å"current disappointment, appealing other options, impediments, certainty to defeat obstacles† can animate the improvement of the possibility that it is important to change the profession so as to utilize the open doors for the turn of events and not to follow the stream (Higgins, 2001, p. 597). Be that as it may, the individual can just consider the thought without acknowledging it till those individuals near this individual give the passionate or mental help and urge the person to settle on a choice. As indicated by Higgins, these individuals are talked about as â€Å"advice networks† and structure the social setting (Higgins, 2001). The choice to change the vocation is generally influenced by a mix of emotional and target factors. As it was expressed, much of the time individuals choose to change their vocations so as to finish their expert objectives. That is the reason â€Å"a profession change happens when an individual changes occupations an d bosses, target parts of one’s vocation, and when an individual sees that such changes in their profession establish a vocation change† (Higgins, 2001, p. 596).Advertising Looking for exposition on sociologies? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thus, this procedure is significant for the individual and to choose to switch the vocation, the person ought to break down all the focal points and burdens of this choice. In this circumstance the enlightening help of the guides can be talked about as the key factor for settling on a ultimate conclusion and framing the full image of the further points of view. Accordingly, individuals switch vocations when they have a solid characteristic inspiration and goals to arrive at the expert points in the other circle or in another organization, and they are influenced by the social setting. Having the lasting relational contacts with â€Å"advice networks†, people assess th eir conceivable outcomes with references to the authentic data about the profession openings gave by their companions, family members, and colleagues (Higgins, 2001). Such interconnections help the individual focus on the circumstance in the market, to survey their individual capacities, and to get the mental help. Despite the reality the individual internal thought processes were considered as the most powerful factors for changing the vocation during an extensive stretch of time, today the effect of the social setting is likewise talked about as a noteworthy reason for the person’s concentrating on the data gave by people in general. In addition, the factor of the enthusiastic help adds to the development of the individual’s confidence and certainty which can prompt changing the vocation for accomplishing the expert objectives. Reference Higgins, M. C. (2001). Evolving professions: The impacts of social setting. Diary of Organizational Behavior, 22(6), 595-618. doi: 10.1002/job.104 This article on Why Do People Switch Careers? was composed and put together by client Jace Baldwin to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; notwithstanding, you should refer to it as needs be. You can give your paper here.

Finding a Good Translator

Finding a Good Translator The general expectation of a good translator is an individual proficient in his/her language pairs, who can deliver a quality translation which accurately conveys the intended message to the reader. Finding that person, however, can be like finding a needle in a haystack. Here is my advice on how to find that needle.Seeking a translation agencyMany translators, particularly early in their careers, provide services through a translation agency. Usually, these translators dont actually work for the agency, which is more of a middleman between the translator and the client. Translation agencies provide advantages such as a system of quality control, facilitating business between translators and clients. Professionals may also be tested for their translation skills and ability to deliver work on time, adding an element of safety and reliability when looking for a translator.Another perk of translation agencies is that translator profiles may include reviews and ratings from their clients . While the criteria vary by client, a substantial amount of feedback is a fair reflection of the translators competence. In fact, a string of positive reviews speaks louder than any credentials.Its certainly possible to find a good translator working independently, but its more difficult. If you find such a translator, you should take it upon yourself to verify if the translator is certified, if other clients are satisfied with the translators services, etc. This research can take valuable time, which is why agencies tend to do the heavy lifting. Not to mention, agencies may provide additional services such as supporting tools, notarized translation certifications and editing.Translators do not translate wordsSeasoned translators will tell you that just knowing a second language isnt enough to be a translator. In fact, I would say translation is more of an exercise of textual interpretation, not unlike studying literature: the translator must analyze the words, grasp the meaning be hind those words, and keep that meaning in a different set of words. More than switching one language for another, translation is a process of semantic deconstruction and reconstruction. Therefore, we are talking about a whole skillset involving an analytical mind, research skills, intuition and cultural knowledge.A good translator also knows the importance of adapting the source text to the target audience. This process is known as localization. Even countries that speak the same language tend to differ in linguistic nuances, figures of speech, slangs, phrases, etc. A popular saying in a country may not convey the same meaning in a different language. The verses of a poem may not rhyme in a direct translation. Lyrics are a daunting endeavor, due to the complication of matching the target language to the beat of the song.Therefore, in addition to being culturally savvy, a good translator needs to be familiar with different writing styles in order to work on a variety of translation assignments, such as CVs, essays, prose, research texts, powers of attorney, letters, speeches, etc.In my case, my native language is Portuguese (BR), but English is such a constant part of my everyday life that I feel comfortable translating from English to Portuguese and vice-versa. This is what you should look for in a translator.Computers do not replace humansSince the Industrial Revolution, technology continues to take over jobs in the march of progress. Translation is not one of them, to my own relief (at least, at the time of writing). Although automatic translators have slowly improved over the years, due mostly to human input, human writing by nature has a level of subjectivity that a machine just isnt capable of processing. An automatic translator also doesnt ensure proper grammar structure, especially in complex sentences and idiomatic phrases. Even grammar/spellchecking tools are infamous for failing their job on occasion.Therefore, professionals never rely on automatic translators for their work, and you shouldnt ask them to either. Only a human mind can read between the lines to provide accurate translations.Can you translate this?Its impossible for any human being to know everything, let alone in multiple languages! A translator who claims to be specialized in all subjects is a flat-out liar. Translators should have the humility and maturity to recognize their strengths and limitations, and they should be upfront about it with their clients.Therefore, when looking for a translator, check if the translator has at least a working knowledge of the subject. Someone who translates scientific files may not be cut out for a legal document. A translator who does both might be unable to deal with artistic writing, and so on. If the translators profile/resume doesnt list his/her specialties, ask the translator. Request samples, show the source text (or part of it) to the translator, if possible. Good translators never accept jobs beyond their abilities.A good translator must understand your needs, and you must explain your needs to the translator. Is the translation just for you or for someone else? Is it an application letter for college? Do you need a translation for your website? Are you publishing a book? Give clear and detailed instructions; a good translator will keep your instructions in mind and make sure the translation suits your purposes.Honesty is the best policyUnlike most services, translation clients are at a natural disadvantage because its difficult to check the quality when you dont understand the target language. The best solution in this case is to consult a native speaker of the target language, especially if you want to publish the translated text.An ideal translation should look like it was written by a native. A translation riddled with errors and/or awkward wording wont go unnoticed by a native speaker, even if the person never saw the source text. Poor translations also lead to misinterpretations, and, in t he worst-case scenario, this can damage not just the translators reputation, but also the clients image. Therefore, a good translator always treats assignments with responsibility and professionalism, double-checking their work before delivering it.Once the terms of a project are mutually agreed onâ€"such as price and deadlineâ€"a professional will deliver it on time. A good translator may deliver the translation early, if possibleâ€"but never a rushed product. Translation projects demand varying levels of research (even if the subject is among the translators specializations), so the translator will make sure to deliver the best possible work.However, despite our best efforts, translators are still human and translation is a constant learning experience. Therefore, how the translator responds to negative ratings and reviews is extremely important. If youre unhappy with a translation, make it known. A good translator should listen to your concerns and attempt to rectify the issue at no additional cost to you. Otherwise, your feedback will serve as a warning for future clients.Good translators dont sell themselves shortThere is a bitter pill to swallow, but Id be remiss if I didnt bring it up. Being a translator myself, I know this part might sound biased, but think of it as insight into the translators point of view.Obviously, I cant speak for every translator out there. Each translator is different. And since translators usually decide their own prices, the costs of their work can vary greatly. Most of the time, however, the price is indicative of the translators ability and experience. A translator may charge by the hour or by the word. Factors such as taxes, deadlines, and extra services such as a translation certification can also affect the price.Generally speaking, you can expect a professional who translates for a living to charge as much as $0.10 USD per word on average. Once again, this can vary; some may charge more, some may charge less. A translato r might even be flexible depending on what you need translated. For example, something simple such as a personal letter might be charged a lower rate than a full study on the applications of acetylsalicylic acid. The deadline is also influential; quick deliveries will certainly cost more.However, dont forget that were talking about a highly specialized line of work. You can expect any translators worth their salt to have years of experience and/or study under their belts. And as explained earlier, this expertise goes far beyond simply learning another language (which is a challenge in and of itself). Therefore, offering $0.03/word to a translator charging $0.07/word is almost an insult. Most of the time, these fees are not decided lightly and the costs are justified. Nobody likes spending a lot of money, but translators must make ends meet like any other professionals.Lets talkSomething I learned in my life is that communication is the basis of a successful relationship, whether its professional or personal.If youre interested in a translators services but still have doubts, it never hurts to contact the translator directly. Ask all the questions you want, request samples, try to learn everything you need to know about the professional. A little talk can go a long way.A good translator should respond in a reasonable time period. You can generally expect a reply within 24 hours, through the agencys messaging system, the translators personal e-mail or any other contact methods the translator might make available. And this goes both ways: a good translator should contact the client in the event of unresolved problems or situations that may prevent the completion of a translation project. Translators will also inform clients of their availability and other pertinent details. The point is that good translators are accessible and upfront toward their clients.If youre lucky enough to be a native speaker of the translators second language, this is also your opportunit y to measure the translators fluency by yourself. If the translator seems to communicate about as well as a native, thats a good sign.

Finding a Good Translator

Finding a Good Translator The general expectation of a good translator is an individual proficient in his/her language pairs, who can deliver a quality translation which accurately conveys the intended message to the reader. Finding that person, however, can be like finding a needle in a haystack. Here is my advice on how to find that needle.Seeking a translation agencyMany translators, particularly early in their careers, provide services through a translation agency. Usually, these translators dont actually work for the agency, which is more of a middleman between the translator and the client. Translation agencies provide advantages such as a system of quality control, facilitating business between translators and clients. Professionals may also be tested for their translation skills and ability to deliver work on time, adding an element of safety and reliability when looking for a translator.Another perk of translation agencies is that translator profiles may include reviews and ratings from their clients . While the criteria vary by client, a substantial amount of feedback is a fair reflection of the translators competence. In fact, a string of positive reviews speaks louder than any credentials.Its certainly possible to find a good translator working independently, but its more difficult. If you find such a translator, you should take it upon yourself to verify if the translator is certified, if other clients are satisfied with the translators services, etc. This research can take valuable time, which is why agencies tend to do the heavy lifting. Not to mention, agencies may provide additional services such as supporting tools, notarized translation certifications and editing.Translators do not translate wordsSeasoned translators will tell you that just knowing a second language isnt enough to be a translator. In fact, I would say translation is more of an exercise of textual interpretation, not unlike studying literature: the translator must analyze the words, grasp the meaning be hind those words, and keep that meaning in a different set of words. More than switching one language for another, translation is a process of semantic deconstruction and reconstruction. Therefore, we are talking about a whole skillset involving an analytical mind, research skills, intuition and cultural knowledge.A good translator also knows the importance of adapting the source text to the target audience. This process is known as localization. Even countries that speak the same language tend to differ in linguistic nuances, figures of speech, slangs, phrases, etc. A popular saying in a country may not convey the same meaning in a different language. The verses of a poem may not rhyme in a direct translation. Lyrics are a daunting endeavor, due to the complication of matching the target language to the beat of the song.Therefore, in addition to being culturally savvy, a good translator needs to be familiar with different writing styles in order to work on a variety of translation assignments, such as CVs, essays, prose, research texts, powers of attorney, letters, speeches, etc.In my case, my native language is Portuguese (BR), but English is such a constant part of my everyday life that I feel comfortable translating from English to Portuguese and vice-versa. This is what you should look for in a translator.Computers do not replace humansSince the Industrial Revolution, technology continues to take over jobs in the march of progress. Translation is not one of them, to my own relief (at least, at the time of writing). Although automatic translators have slowly improved over the years, due mostly to human input, human writing by nature has a level of subjectivity that a machine just isnt capable of processing. An automatic translator also doesnt ensure proper grammar structure, especially in complex sentences and idiomatic phrases. Even grammar/spellchecking tools are infamous for failing their job on occasion.Therefore, professionals never rely on automatic translators for their work, and you shouldnt ask them to either. Only a human mind can read between the lines to provide accurate translations.Can you translate this?Its impossible for any human being to know everything, let alone in multiple languages! A translator who claims to be specialized in all subjects is a flat-out liar. Translators should have the humility and maturity to recognize their strengths and limitations, and they should be upfront about it with their clients.Therefore, when looking for a translator, check if the translator has at least a working knowledge of the subject. Someone who translates scientific files may not be cut out for a legal document. A translator who does both might be unable to deal with artistic writing, and so on. If the translators profile/resume doesnt list his/her specialties, ask the translator. Request samples, show the source text (or part of it) to the translator, if possible. Good translators never accept jobs beyond their abilities.A good translator must understand your needs, and you must explain your needs to the translator. Is the translation just for you or for someone else? Is it an application letter for college? Do you need a translation for your website? Are you publishing a book? Give clear and detailed instructions; a good translator will keep your instructions in mind and make sure the translation suits your purposes.Honesty is the best policyUnlike most services, translation clients are at a natural disadvantage because its difficult to check the quality when you dont understand the target language. The best solution in this case is to consult a native speaker of the target language, especially if you want to publish the translated text.An ideal translation should look like it was written by a native. A translation riddled with errors and/or awkward wording wont go unnoticed by a native speaker, even if the person never saw the source text. Poor translations also lead to misinterpretations, and, in t he worst-case scenario, this can damage not just the translators reputation, but also the clients image. Therefore, a good translator always treats assignments with responsibility and professionalism, double-checking their work before delivering it.Once the terms of a project are mutually agreed onâ€"such as price and deadlineâ€"a professional will deliver it on time. A good translator may deliver the translation early, if possibleâ€"but never a rushed product. Translation projects demand varying levels of research (even if the subject is among the translators specializations), so the translator will make sure to deliver the best possible work.However, despite our best efforts, translators are still human and translation is a constant learning experience. Therefore, how the translator responds to negative ratings and reviews is extremely important. If youre unhappy with a translation, make it known. A good translator should listen to your concerns and attempt to rectify the issue at no additional cost to you. Otherwise, your feedback will serve as a warning for future clients.Good translators dont sell themselves shortThere is a bitter pill to swallow, but Id be remiss if I didnt bring it up. Being a translator myself, I know this part might sound biased, but think of it as insight into the translators point of view.Obviously, I cant speak for every translator out there. Each translator is different. And since translators usually decide their own prices, the costs of their work can vary greatly. Most of the time, however, the price is indicative of the translators ability and experience. A translator may charge by the hour or by the word. Factors such as taxes, deadlines, and extra services such as a translation certification can also affect the price.Generally speaking, you can expect a professional who translates for a living to charge as much as $0.10 USD per word on average. Once again, this can vary; some may charge more, some may charge less. A translato r might even be flexible depending on what you need translated. For example, something simple such as a personal letter might be charged a lower rate than a full study on the applications of acetylsalicylic acid. The deadline is also influential; quick deliveries will certainly cost more.However, dont forget that were talking about a highly specialized line of work. You can expect any translators worth their salt to have years of experience and/or study under their belts. And as explained earlier, this expertise goes far beyond simply learning another language (which is a challenge in and of itself). Therefore, offering $0.03/word to a translator charging $0.07/word is almost an insult. Most of the time, these fees are not decided lightly and the costs are justified. Nobody likes spending a lot of money, but translators must make ends meet like any other professionals.Lets talkSomething I learned in my life is that communication is the basis of a successful relationship, whether its professional or personal.If youre interested in a translators services but still have doubts, it never hurts to contact the translator directly. Ask all the questions you want, request samples, try to learn everything you need to know about the professional. A little talk can go a long way.A good translator should respond in a reasonable time period. You can generally expect a reply within 24 hours, through the agencys messaging system, the translators personal e-mail or any other contact methods the translator might make available. And this goes both ways: a good translator should contact the client in the event of unresolved problems or situations that may prevent the completion of a translation project. Translators will also inform clients of their availability and other pertinent details. The point is that good translators are accessible and upfront toward their clients.If youre lucky enough to be a native speaker of the translators second language, this is also your opportunit y to measure the translators fluency by yourself. If the translator seems to communicate about as well as a native, thats a good sign.

Comparison Between Different Enterprise Architecture...

4.1 Comparison of Different Enterprise Architecture Frameworks A number of EA frameworks exist in the industry with the goal of addressing the basic challenge of assessing, aligning, and organizing business objectives with technical requirements and strategies. Examples include the Zachman Enterprise Framework, The Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF), OMB Federal Enterprise Architecture (FEA), and The Gartner Methodology (formerly the Meta Framework). Each framework possesses different strengths and weaknesses, which makes it difficult to find any one existing framework that is ideal for all situations. The following chart depicts how four Enterprise Architecture Frameworks compare. 4.2 How to Solve the Problem? To touch lightly on value, there are multiple levels of value and it is one of the most difficult things to measure as it contains both quantitative and qualitative aspects. But for an EA practice the following should be considered: †¢ Cost Avoidance - How do we avoid unnecessary costs? †¢ Cost Reduction - How do we reduce our current spend? †¢ Quality - How do we improve the quality of our information? †¢ Risk Containment - How to we control and reduce organisational risks? †¢ Stakeholder Value - How do we improve our value to our stakeholders? †¢ Resource Allocations - How do we improve the view of demand for our services? †¢ Productivity - How do we increase our productivity and efficiency? †¢ Collaboration - How do we improve our engagementShow MoreRelatedEnterprise Architecture Framework Maps All Of The Software Development Process Within The Enterprise1395 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction â€Å"Enterprise architecture framework maps all of the software development process within the enterprise and how they relate and interact to fulfill the enterprises mission.†[1] Frameworks are conceptually created to eliminate conflicts in the development phase. An easy transition and systematic architecture are essential functions to process an enterprise. The following paper discusses TOGAF in detail, along with DoDAF and FEAF. TOGAF is the most common enterprise architecture used globallyRead MoreEssay On Mean Stack1439 Words   |  6 Pagescollection of a NoSQL database technology called MongoDB and three Javascript based frameworks Express JS, Angular JS and Node JS. The major benefit of using MEAN stack is that the complete coding is based on Javascript. This reduces the learning time required for a rookie developer. Moreover, with the startup culture flourishing around the world, quick turnaround time and a light-weight application architecture have become the need of the day. MEAN stack helps in fulfilling this need. Every pieceRead MorePlatform As A Service ( Paas )926 Words   |  4 PagesThe enterprise is in the middle of an explosion of growth in mobility and data. The old, insular model for developing â€Å"in-house† solutions is showing its age—in many cases on-premise IT simply can’t keep up. For the last decade, cloud computing has been gaining traction, and now it’s finally set to surpass on-premise solutions in IT spending. In the past, enterprise cloud adoption was primarily focused on software as a service (SaaS) and infrastructure as a service (IaaS) offerings, but lately there’sRead MoreThe Expansion Of Space Architecture1610 Words   |  7 Pagesdesigning colonial habitats on Mars and Moon creating large flimsy structures for permanent settlements. But is that space architecture is all about? Just to create a new living environment for rats abandoning a sinking ship? Obviously space architecture can be something more than just a permanent habitat in uninhabitable environment. This manifesto argues that architecture in space could help humanity to maintain Earth as well as to explore other planets broadening our knowledge of the UniverseRead MoreSenior Management Case Study938 Words   |  4 Pagesoperating systems (such as IMB mainframes). Not only is this increasing costs but soon they won’t be able to be supported within the very competitive industry YNG are in. The business teams and IT are very separate and there is no synchronization between the two. The business acquired applications were more successful with meeting business needs. However, numerous attempts at software selection and application has caused significant write-offs. With IT, most systems were efficient in a technical senseRead MoreComparative Analysis Of Data Mining Tools1685 Words   |  7 Pagessoftware’s selected based on four important criteria Performance, Functionality, Usability and Ancillary Tasks support. â€Å"Data Mining is a field of study that is gaining importance and is used to explore data in search of patterns or relationships between variables and is applied to new data used for predictions†. (Statistics – Textbook. (n.d.). Retrieved November 17, 2015). Selection of the appropriate data mining tools is critical to any research or business and this could impact the business inRead MoreAnalysis: Data Warehouses and Business Intelligenc e958 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Data Warehouses and Business Intelligence Introduction Enterprise Data Warehouses (EDW) have become the foundation of many enterprises systems of record, serving as the catalyst of strategic initiatives encompassing Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Supply Chain Management SCM) and the pervasive adoption of analytics and Business Intelligence (BI) throughout enterprises. The role of databases continues to be an ancillary one, supporting the overall structural and data integrity of theRead MoreTaking a Look at the Platinum Concepts Pty. Ltd.1852 Words   |  7 Pagesfunctions that are typical of a medium sized enterprise. Later the business started facing communication problems between its departments because of the lack of proper business process management and this led to the downfall of the company’s progress in the market. This was found that there was a major communication failure between company’s departments which results in delay of product delivery to the customer. To resolve this communication barrier between departments the company need to followRead MoreLack Of Professional Human Resource Workforce1294 Words   |  6 PagesLack of Professional Human Resource Workforce A mechanized information framework requires gifted work force for its successful operation. Preparing is one of the angles for utilization of any new technology. Inadequacy of talented workforce can be overcome by giving fitting preparing in the required range. An appropriate preparing module in building engineering of a solid database ought to be accessible. On the off chance that it is not actualized, then results or results picked up by such sortRead MoreSql Vs. Oracle Server1285 Words   |  6 Pagessecurity however is not viable as of Oracle s because it has good depth in high data availability. As Oracle is having more enterprise applications the databse is used widely for most of the top financial companies like bank of America, HDFC Bank, National Australia Bank Introduction Since their presentation in the 1980s, relational database administration frameworks (RDBMS) have turned into the standard database sort for an assortment of commercial ventures. As their name suggests, these

A Moral Evaluation of Child Labor in the Philippines in...

A Moral Evaluation of Child Labor in the Philippines in the Perspective of Immanuel Kant’s Second Formulation of Categorical Imperative- Formula of End Itself Introduction Children are the prime movers of the country. They are very much endowed with so much potentialities in which may contribute for the betterment of the many. They are indeed really important in everybody’s life not only of their own family but also of their fellow human persons. Every person including the child must be respected and valued in virtue of his/her being a human person. Thus, children must and necessarily be treasured by valuing their own dignity as human persons capable of rationalizing for the betterment of the future. However, in the†¦show more content†¦Formula of End Itself This second formula of Kant stresses the value of human person. It states that â€Å"act in such a way that you will always treat humanity whether in your own person or in the person of any other never simply as a means, but always at the same time as an end† (Kant, 1964, p. 96). In this formula, Kant argues that any person should not be used as a mere tool or in strument for the attainment of something else. Every human person then has inherent value regardless of his/her culture, physical stature, nationality, and the like. Thus, every human person has dignity. He added, human person should not be used as a mean because of the person’s rationality. It is his/her rational faculty that which makes man a man and thus should be respected and developed further. Human person is always treated as end because his/her â€Å"rational nature exists as an end in itself† (Kant, 1964, p. 96). Kant explains his contention about man’s inherent dignity by distinguishing inherent value from instrumental value. The latter primarily are the things which do not have innate value such as money, food, and any material beings. Things such as those are really intended to the service for the human person. They are

The Current American Health Care System - 1094 Words

Running head: WEEKLY ASSIGNMENT: ASSIGNMENT SIX Weekly Assignment: Assignment Six Rachel Edwards Concordia University Wisconsin Professor Erik Hollander MBA 685 April 18, 2016 Introduction The goal of the current American health care system is centered around making a profit. As discussed in both Health Care Meltdown and How We Do Harm, many doctors today are making a profit on over diagnosing and over charging, leaving patients with undesired care and little money. This system is not only straining practitioners and over treating patients, but drastically increasing the cost of care in America. As discussed in detail in each of the books, there are steps that can be taken to increase access to health care while decreasing expenditure. The ‘Perfect Plan’ It starts with: Preventative care is the key to improving the plight of millions of Americans with regards to their standard of care. This is not to say that a large scale health care reform is not necessary, it is. However, whether the United States moves to a single-payer system or completely to a fee-for-service path, preventative care is still crucial. By keeping people out of hospitals and emergency rooms, health care professionals could lower the nosocomial infection rate which balances between 3% and 12.5%, even in developed countries (Health care-associated infections, n.d.). Another example of a preventative measure would be to lower the rate of obesity. This would effectively reduce the sourceShow MoreRelatedSicko: Health Insurance1226 Words   |  5 Pagesanother health care system for the US? Sources : The movie ‘Sicko’ Outline Introduction What is the movie about? 1st body paragraph Topic sentence: What is wrong about the American health care system? Support: 2nd body paragraph Topic sentence: What are the possibilities to change it? Support : 3rd body paragraph Topic sentence: And if they are going to change it, which healthcare system would they take as an example? Conclusion: The health care system in theRead MoreThe Impact Of Affordable Care Act1258 Words   |  6 PagesHealth care in America is a continuous fight and has become a daily hot topic with every news outlet. Even politicians use it to secure their role in congress. Sadly, as a powerful force of a nation the United States (U.S.) plays against and for other nations, the American people’s health care system is broken at the moment. There is continuous chatter about making improvement but nothing is being done to correct it. American public health is in a desperate state and a cry for help because as a nationRead More Need for a New Health Care System Essay examples1425 Words   |  6 PagesNeed for a New Health Care System   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the major problems nagging America is the need for a new health care system. The number of uninsured Americans needing medical treatment is rising. Medicare, a major part of the American health care system, is projected to go broke in 2019 according to USA Today?s article, Congress refuses to swallow cures for ailing Medicare. I have seen this ruin people?s pursuit of happiness. I worked in a nursing home for the past five years. Many elderly patientsRead MoreHealth Policy Issues863 Words   |  4 PagesProbably the most media related topic of health policy issue in the forefront today is the current Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA). Was the healthcare act worth the cost to the country? â€Å"According to the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) and Joint Committee on Taxation (JCT), it estimated that the insurance coverage provisions of the PPACA will have a net cost of just under $1.1 trillion over the 2012–2021 periods.†(Bec ker et al., 2014) The current United States federal debt is the highestRead MoreA New Health Care System1438 Words   |  6 PagesA New Health Care System One of the major problems nagging America is the need for a new health care system. The number of uninsured Americans needing medical treatment is rising. Medicare, a major part of the American health care system, is projected to go broke in 2019 according to USA Today s article, Congress refuses to swallow cures for ailing Medicare. I have seen this ruin people s pursuit of happiness. I worked in a nursing home for the past five years. Many elderly patientsRead MoreImproving America s Current Health Care System1270 Words   |  6 PagesImproving America’s Current Health Care System The health care system of the United States is dysfunctional and broken. While many upper and middle class Americans have nothing to worry about since they can afford health care insurance, the lower class are neglected and pushed to the side. Including funding and performance, the costs of the health care insurance has caused current political evaluations. Yes, Medicaid does cover the poor Americans, but you do not receive the same treatment and coverageRead MoreWhat Is The Summary Of The American Health Care Act1013 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican Health Care Act The American Health Care Act (AHCA)was passed by the house of representatives on May 4, 2017, and the political party behind this act is the Republican party. The AHCA was created and passed to repeal and place the Affordable Care Act, subsequently, several changes will be made to the current health care system. Some of the aspects that will change from the current health care system are the following: Modify ACA premium tax credits for 2018-2019, impose late enrollment penaltyRead MoreThe American Declaration Of Independence1706 Words   |  7 Pagesrefusing to grant accessible health care for all people. The American Declaration of Independence famously states â€Å"We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men are created equal and endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, including life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.† The right to pursue life has been denied to the American people for decades now because there is no organized option for ass istance in maintaining proper health. Hypocritical American leaders continue to praiseRead MoreUnited States Health Care System1086 Words   |  5 PagesThe U.S health care system, in 2012, cost around 2.6 trillion dollars and is expected to rise to about 4.8 trillion dollars in 2021, if nothing is done to repair the issue. To further illustrate, America is the only wealthy and industrialized country in the world to not have universal health care. Yet, many still believe that the United States may become a communist nation if health care is provided to all. They still believe that it will perhaps send it into an economical crisis. However, theRead MoreHealthcare Reform1372 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Health Care Reform It should come as no surprise that the United States’ current health care system is in need of some major changes. Everyone knows that going to the doctor or hospital in the United States can cost a lot of money out of pocket, whether you have insurance or not. Americans who do have insurance pay into it with every pay check, only to go to the doctor and have to pay more. What it would be like to not have to worry about how much money there is in the bank when someone

Loan and International Best Practices free essay sample

A Non-performing asset (NPA) is defined as a credit facility in respect of which the interest and/or installment of principal has remained ‘past due’ for a specified period of time. Identification[edit] NPA is a classification used by financial institutions that refer to loans that are in jeopardy of default. Once the borrower has failed to make interest or principle payments for 90 days the loan is considered to be a non-performing asset. Non-performing assets are problematic for financial institutions since they depend on interest payments for income. Troublesome pressure from the economy can lead to a sharp increase in non-performing loans and often results in massive write-downs. With a view to moving towards international best practices and to ensure greater transparency, it had been decided to adopt the ‘90 days’ overdue’ norm for identification of NPA, from the year ending March 31, 2004. Accordingly, with effect from March 31, 2004, a non-performing asset (NPA) is a loan or an advance where; Interest and/or installment of principal remain overdue for a period of more than 90 days in respect of a term loan, The account remains ‘out of order’ for a period of more than 90 days, in respect of an Overdraft/Cash Credit (OD/CC). We will write a custom essay sample on Loan and International Best Practices or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The bill remains overdue for a period of more than 90 days in the case of bills purchased and discounted, Interest and/or installment of principal remains overdue for two harvest seasons but for a period not exceeding two half years in the case of an advance granted for agricultural purposes, and Any amount to be received remains overdue for a period of more than 90 days in respect of other accounts. Non submission of Stock Statements for 3 Continuous Quarters in case of Cash Credit Facility. No active transactions in the account (Cash Credit/Over Draft/EPC/PCFC) for more than 90 days. Classification[edit] Banks are required to classify non-performing assets further into the following three categories based on the period for which the asset has remained non-performing and the realisability of the dues: Sub-standard assets: a sub standard asset is one which has been classified as NPA for a period not exceeding 12 months. Doubtful Assets: a doubtful asset is one which has remained NPA for a period exceeding 12 months. Loss assets: where loss has been identified by the bank, internal or external auditor or central bank inspectors but the amount has not been written off, wholly or partly. Sub-standard asset is the asset in which bank have to maintain 15% of its reserves. All those assets which are considered as non-performing for period of more than 12 months are called as Doubtful Assets. All those assets which cannot be recovered are called as Loss Assets.

Ways to Improve Architectural Practice

Certainly, architectural prime is fading away and thus putting the architectural practice in a secret crisis. Eventually, the profession has eradicated the integrity of building construction. When asked of what they exactly do, architects should not merely state that they design constructions. Architecture comprises wider matters and not just dealing with aesthetics or forms.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Ways to Improve Architectural Practice specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Therefore, architects ought to respond to an inquiry concerning what they do with creative thinking. As conceited as one might consider, architects are proud of their knowledge and their commitment shows it. Nevertheless, such achievements are currently not sufficient. Our opportunity for resolution is diminishing. We are short of flexibility in our performance and thus we give away more positions to other sectors of practice. Due to work sharing, which assumes a more holistic structure, the profession has broken down into several specialisations and consequently driven the development of architectural practice into a manifold that cannot be depicted in just a single sentence. In simple terms, architectural practice should show ability to acclimatise and lead other sectors to facilitate its survival in such transformations. Could lack of a unique contemporary theory of practice in present architectural offices contribute to this occurrence? Did we cause it ourselves as we attempted to outbid with deceptions of too much form and practice? Debatably, architects are frequently branded with interruption and thus the profession has the urge to progress outward, as if detaching from other standards. The present unclear function of architectural practice might be the reason for bad timing. Whatever the cause, architecture and its practices should embrace the inevitable transformation. The character of architecture has const antly been concerned with having authorisation from higher authorities. Accordingly, the connection with politics is indestructible as political roles come with profound accountabilities. In this regard, architects have detached themselves and with time, a stereotype has been built up. Architects have become less official and assume a more artistic project quality thus siding with contemporary architects taking in the fundamental idea; that is, the yearning to share information with others and extend knowledge by accommodating broad range of views. If an individual cannot make clear his or her intentions, then that individual cannot assume authority. An expected inquiry, concerning sharing as a means of survival for architectural practice, underscores the extent to which sharing should take place.Advertising Looking for essay on architecture? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Apparently, the notion of teamwork is not only to sha tter â€Å"I discern more than you† stunt, but also to move away from the predetermined constructions and focus on architectural practice and promote its principles. In other words, this aspect is a means of unlocking criticism. Philosophers have just interpreted the globe in different manners; the logic is, to transform. Sharing is not sufficient and thus an accurate teamwork tactic is necessary. Close attention to the sharing notion and sharing vital information by the project and its comrades are as well required attributes. Just as the initiative of â€Å"municipality, privatisation, and ownership† transformed the structure of constructions and the extent of political control necessitated constructions, such tactic might bring rescue to the architectural sector. This essay on Ways to Improve Architectural Practice was written and submitted by user Jazmin Sutton to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Cantabrian War

Cantabrian War Dates: 29/28-19 B.C. Rome won the Cantabrian War, in Spain, during the rule of the first emperor, Octavian, who had recently earned the title by which we know him, Augustus. Although Augustus brought troops from Rome to the battlefront  and unintentionally brought about victory, he had retired from battle when victory was achieved. Augustus left a stepson and a nephew, the aediles Tiberius and Marcellus, to hold the victory celebration. He also left Lucius Aemilius to serve as governor when he returned home. The victory celebration was premature. So was Augustus closing of the Janus gates of peace. While I may have aroused your curiosity, this war is not one of the more popular ones for study. As the great 20th century, Oxford-based, Roman historian Ronald Syme wrote: It is in no way surprising that the Spanish War of Augustus should have commanded so little attention in modern times; and it might well be asked how far such a subject can repay study. In comparison with the wars in Germany and Illyricum, with the momentous vicissitudes of the frontier policy of Augustus, the subjugation of Northwestern Spain seems dull and tedious.The Spanish War of Augustus (26-25 B. C.)Ronald SymeThe American Journal of Philology, Vol. 55, No. 4 (1934), pp. 293-317 The 4th-5th-century Christian historian Paulus Orosius [The Seven Books of History Against the Pagans] says that in 27 B.C., when Augustus and his right-hand man Agrippa were consuls, Augustus decided it was time to subdue the border-raiding Cantabri and Astures. These tribes lived in the northern part of Spain, by the Pyrenees, in the province of Gallacia. In his 2010 Legions of Rome: The Definitive History of Every Imperial Roman Legion, Australian writer Stephen Dando-Collins says when Augustus headed from Rome to Spain, he took some of his Praetorian Guard with him, members of which he later gave land from the conquered territory. Augustus was embarrassed by his inability to clinch the battle, became ill, and retired to Taracco. The legates left in charge of the Roman legions in the area, Antistius and Firmius, won surrender through a combination of their skill and the enemys treachery the Astures betrayed their own people. Dando-Collins says the Cantabrian forces had resisted the type of battle formation Rome preferred because their strength lay in fighting from a distance so they could hurl their weapon of choice, the javelin: But these peoples would neither yield to him, because they were confident on account of their strongholds, nor would they come to close quarters, owing to their inferior numbers and the circumstance that most of them were javelin-throwers....Cassisus DioFor extended passages from Cassius Dio and others on the Cantabrian War, see Sources. Augustus Departure Leads to Over-Confidence The tribes successfully avoided being roped into other types of engagements until Augustus retired to Taracco. Then, believing Augustus had given up, they felt superior to the legates. So they allowed themselves to be drawn into the Roman-preferred, set-piece battle, with consequences disastrous to them: Accordingly Augustus found himself in very great embarrassment, and having fallen ill from over-exertion and anxiety, he retired to Tarraco and there remained in poor health. Meanwhile Gaius Antistius fought against them and accomplished a good deal, not because he was a better general than Augustus, but because the barbarians felt contempt for him and so joined battle with the Romans and were defeated.Cassisus Dio Victorious, Augustus gave two of the legions the honorary title of Augusta, becoming the 1st and 2nd Augusta, according to Dando-Collins. Augustus left Spain to return home, where he closed the Janus gates for the second time in his reign, but the fourth time in Roman history, according to Orosius. Caesar carried away this reward from his Cantabrian victory: he could now order the gates of war to be barred fast. Thus for a second time in these days, through Caesars efforts, Janus was closed; this was the fourth time that this had happened since the founding of the City.Orosius Book 6 Cantabrian Treachery and Punishment Meanwhile... the surviving Cantabrians and Asturians, according to Dando-Collins, acted as they had done repeatedly before, with trickery. They told governor Lucius Aemilius they wished to give the Romans gifts in token of their acceptance of the Romans  and asked him to send a sizable number of soldiers to transport the gifts. Foolishly (or without the advantage of hindsight), Aemilius obliged. The tribes executed the soldiers, starting a new round. Aemilius renewed the fighting, won a devastating victory, and then removed the hands of the soldiers he defeated. Even this wasnt the end of it. Again, according to Dando-Collins, Agrippa faced rebel Cantabrians slaves who had escaped and returned to their mountainous homes and those of their countrymen they could persuade to join them. Although Florus says Agrippa was in Spain at an earlier date, Syme says he didnt get there until 19 B.C. Agrippas own troops were getting on and were tired of fighting. Although Agrippa won the round of anti-Cantabrian fighting, he wasnt happy about the way the campaign had gone and so declined the honor of a triumph. To punish his less than competent troops, he demoted a legion, probably the 1st Augusta (Syme), by stripping it of its honorary title. He captured all the Cantabrians, executed the military aged men and forced all the mountain folk to live down on the plains. Rome experienced only minor difficulties afterward. It was only in 19 B.C. that Rome could finally say it had subjugated Spain (Hispania), ending the  conflict that had started about 200 years earlier during the conflict with Carthage. Roman Legions Involved (Source: Dando-Collins): 1st Legion2nd Legion (later the 2nd Augusta)4th Macedonia5th Alaudae6th Legion (later the 6th Victrix)9th Hispana10th Gemina20th Legion Governors of the Spanish Provinces (Source: Syme) Tarraconensis (Hispania Citerior) Lusitania (Hispania Ulterior) 27-24 C. Antistius Vetus24-22 L. Aemiliusor L. (Aelius) Lamia22-19 C. Furnius19-17 P. Silius Nerva26-22 P. Carisius19 ? L. Sestius Next: Ancient Sources on the Cantabrian War The sources on this war are confusing. I have followed Syme, Dando-Collins and then the sources, as much as possible, but if you have corrections to make, please let me know. Thanks in advance.

Business Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 9

Business Ethics - Essay Example Strict regulation of the labour industry in the USA and other developed countries means companies will have to incur increased cost of production. Therefore, developing countries in regions such as Asia has provided the necessary conditions for businesses to increase their production capacity while reducing cost of production. This has also provided global corporations with an avenue where they enjoy markets in developed countries but avoid the stringent rules and regulations in home countries. While corporations have succeeded in the cost of labour, there has been significant media spotlight on the operations of factories contracted to provide various services with evidence indicating widespread irregularities in labour practices. This report will focus on sweatshop scandal involving Nike in discussion of impropriety in overseas factories while also examining the situation from different stakeholders’ point of view. The ethical problem in this situation is also highlighted based on the argument that Nike concentrated on making profits while neglecting what was right for the workers in the factories. Suggestions are also presented on why attempts to remedy the situation were not effective while also noting how Nike should have reacted to the scandal. The sweatshop scandal involving Nike involves perceived wrongdoings in the organization’s labour practices for a period between 1991 and 2005. The scandal went public tarnishing Nike’s image build on offering high quality products in the sportswear and apparel industry. As an organization that aims to be the best in the industry, Nike’s strategy involves outsourcing various functions and manufacturing capabilities in order to reduce cost and focus on effective marketing strategy for organizational products (Vogel, 2006). Therefore, their outsourcing strategy led to the sweatshop scandal as a number of contractors in

Net Neutrality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Net Neutrality - Essay Example The ISPs do claim a right for creating a tiered Internet, which the opponents claim is discrimination and impacts negatively on the neutrality of the Internet. By creating a tiered Internet service all that the ISPs are doing is creating a differential pricing dependant on what flows through their pipes. This is akin to the US Postage Service, where there is a difference in cost of mailing a postcard and sending a heavy parcel like a bicycle. If such a tiered service was not there the cost of mailing a postcard would go up several times making it unaffordable for many. The principles of a free market call for allowing business enterprises to charge varying prices for different services, and demanding that there be legislation to make restrict this is unfair to the business enterprises involved in providing Internet Services. Demands for net neutrality are therefore unfair to the ISPs and for many of the ordinary users of the Internet. Innovation within the Internet is a requirement for its development, of not the Internet, is likely to stagnate at current levels. ISPs innovate to develop the Internet so that they can remain competitive. It is through these innovations that new features and services become available to the Internet users. Net neutrality hinders such innovation and new features, which come at a cost to the ISPs. So calling for net neutrality is tantamount to calling for the stagnation of the Internet. Preserving net neutrality lacks credibility for it will lead to extra costs for the ordinary users.

Entrepreneurship And Innovation At The Mcdonalds Commerce Essay

Entrepreneurship And Innovation At The Mcdonalds Commerce Essay Creativity, innovation and entrepreneurship are three essential tools of success for companies in the increasingly challenging business environment. Where, creativity is the ability to develop new ideas and discover new ways of looking at problems and opportunities, Innovation is the key to economic development of any country. Inventions and innovations are the building blocks of the future and Entrepreneurship is the process of creating something new with value by devoting the necessary time and effort assuming the accompanying financial psychic, social risks and receiving the resulting rewards of monetary value and personal satisfaction and independence. All three call for new ideas and there is an element of risk involved in the implementation and the acceptability of the new idea. Where creativity is the ability to generate an idea, innovation is the process of the idea creation and entrepreneur is the person who performs both to become who he is, takes the risk, implements the i dea in the form of a venture. In this fiercely competitive, fast faced global economy creativity is not only an important source of building a competitive advantage but is also a necessity for survival. When developing creative solutions to modern problems, entrepreneurs must go beyond merely using whatever has been used in the past. McDonalds is one such company which has earned its brand image over the years with effective use of entrepreneurship, creativity and innovation all put in right place in the organization allowing the company to achieve massive competitive advantages and an edge at building new ideas and defining new and better means of customer satisfaction. The company serves around 50 million customers in 30,000 destinations worldwide on a daily basis and pulling that off whilst successfully obtaining high revenues is a job that requires continuous innovation and out of the box thinking. McDonalds focus over the years has been nothing less than the customer itself. McDonalds took its strong roots in building a name in innovation during the 1990s and the early 2000ss when the competition first started to grow. McDonalds at that time did not take its brand equity for granted and infused its creative teams minds into the thought process that have and continue to generate innovative products and campaigns like Big Mac and Egg McMuffin (Entrepreneur, 2006 [online]). McDonalds offers an extensive case study of the application of a well thought of and thorough innovation strategy, a product planning and developmental process that effectively reflects the changing industry, its opportunity recognition and analysis to stay on top, and the Mcdonalization culture and leadership embedded with innovation that it follows to successfully practice innovation in all aspects and obtain customer satisfaction that defines industry standards. But even for a company like McDonalds room still exists for improvement. The paper analyses the company on these aspects. The paper after analysis of the corporate entrepreneurship and innovation strategy being following in the company will attempt to establish recommendation for the enhancement of the competitive advantages of the company. Innovation Strategy Think big, start small, scale fast. This is the innovation strategy being followed by McDonalds. This idea was brought together by the managing director of McDonalds Ventures, Mats Lederhausen (Entrepreneur, 2006 [online]). The key players are all of the employees of the company who are well ingrained with the 5PS that form the paradox of the company. These 5 PS are: People, Product, Promotion, Place and Price. The innovation that takes place in the company is all customer-oriented and started with people and ends with people making effective use of company resources, offers and tools. The innovation strategy is built on one concept: Customer is king. The insights and demands of the customers are the main triggers of the entire innovation process. The franchisees are known as owner-operators who are a big part of the innovation chain. Keeping such diversified franchises and their thought processes altogether merged with the company objectives and essence is a big challenge which can not be controlled or centralized. The innovation process is decentralized making the owner-operators feel as much important in the company as those who are part of the core headquarters as well as encouraging them to create competitive advantages for the company. McDonalds seizes every opportunity it can to bring innovation and lead the industry. McDonalds success is also based upon its suppliers that are part of the three-legged stool. For McDonalds, the quality of its products is of absolute importance. It specifies highest standards for suppliers in the food industry. McDonalds focuses on developing close relationships with suppliers. At McDonalds, everything is done on an open accounting, handshake trust basis  (Times100, 2009). McDonalds works closely with the suppliers to develop and improve products and production techniques. This dependency is described as a three-legged stool principle, and involves McDonalds, the franchisees and the suppliers. The growth and success of t he McDonalds, in this way, is shared by the suppliers of the restaurant who are able to meet the quality standards (Times100, 2009). For McDonalds, the relationships between franchisor, franchisee and supplier are of paramount importance to the success of the innovation led business. The Process of Innovation and Creativity The owner operators are small business owners who have the entrepreneurial zeal in them and offer various ideas and creative insights that form success drivers for the company. Thus, they are involved in each of the innovation steps and processes. Each of the franchise of McDonalds is in itself a mini laboratory that has millions of potential ideas stored just waiting to be explored and the owner operators are the main source of their retrieval and practice. Sources of Ideas For McDonalds, following are the main sources of ideas. Consumers are the foremost innovation triggers. These include potential as well as existing ones. They are given great importance and attention to point to new directions. This attention takes the form of informally monitoring potential ideas and needs and formally arranging for consumers to have an opportunity to express their opinions (Bygrave, 2008). Existing products and services in the market are also continuously monitored or evaluated to uncover ways to improve the services. This results in innovative products and services that have more market appeal with better sales and profit potential. Owner-Operators, like mentioned above, are the biggest and most effective source of ideas for McDonalds as they offer insights of local appeals surrounding the franchises, which are then incorporated into new products and services. McDonalds introduction of Apple and Walnut salads is one such example of its catering to the local demands, which were communicated effectively by the owner operators. But there are also many demands, such as Shrimp salads that McDonalds cannot currently cater to, because of lack of resources. Federal Government is also a source of new product ideas in two ways. First, the files of the Patent Office contain numerous new product possibilities. Although the patents themselves may not be feasible, they can frequently suggest other more marketable product ideas. Second, new product ideas can come in response to government regulations (Drucker, 2008) Research and Development is yet another but large source of innovative ideas for McDonalds. McDonalds has its mini-laboratories in each of its franchises as well as large laboratories in its head-quarters in US which are continuously engaged in bringing in new product ideas and ingredients and recipes to win customer satisfaction. The Creative Process Although, creative ideas may appear to strike McDonalds as suddenly as a bolt of lightning but they are actually the result of the creative process, which involves the following steps: Preparation Investigation Transformation Incubation Verification Implementation Preparation involves getting the mind ready for creative thinking. Preparation includes a formal education, on the job training, work experience and taking advantage of other learning opportunities. This training provides a foundation on which to build creativity and innovation. Investigation is where a solid understanding of the problem, situation or the decision at hand is developed. Transformation involves viewing similarities and differences in the information collected. This phase requires two types of thinking: convergent and divergent thinking. Convergent thinking is the ability to see the similarities and the connections among various data and events. Divergent thinking is the ability to see the differences among various data and events. The subconscious needs time to reflect on to the information collected, this is done during the incubation phase. Next comes the illumination phase, where a spontaneous breakthrough causes the light bulb to go on. McDonalds Innovation Council then verifies the ideas where it conducts experimentation to test the success potential in the idea generated. Implementation then follows where the idea is transformed to reality (Entrepreneur, 2006 [online]). Opportunity Recognition and Analysis A business opportunity represents a possibility for the entrepreneur to successfully fill a large enough unsatisfied need that enough sales and profits result. Recognition of an opportunity results from the knowledge and experience of the company and its employees. McDonalds makes effective use of its knowledge base and maintains proper records of its previous industry analysis to point to new directions and market niches to exploit profits out of. Each and every innovative opportunity is carefully assessed through an opportunity analysis plan. This opportunity analysis plan comprises of four sections: A description of the idea and its competition; An assessment of the domestic and international market of the idea; As assessment of the entrepreneur and the team; and A discussion of the steps needed to make the idea the basis for a viable business venture. Product Planning and Development Process Once ideas emerge from idea sources or creative problem solving, they need further development and evaluation. The product planning and development process at McDonalds is divided into five stages: The idea stage The concept stage Product development stage Test marketing stage commercialization Organizational Culture McDonalds has succeeded because it offers consumers, workers, and managers efficiency, calculability, predictability, and control. This constitutes the McDonalds model of work practice and work design, known as McDonalization. McDonalds is a global capitalist organization that transforming the production, consumption and distribution of food more importantly everyday life. McDonalds employs Taylors and Fords methods in its assembly line production. Ritzer discerns four elements of Mcdonalization: Efficiency Calculability Predictability and Control (Haworth, n.d.) McDonalds offers efficiency, which is the optimum method for getting from one point to another. This means that McDonalds offers the best available way to get from being hungry to being full. For working people, quick and easy access to food is a blessing and McDonald offers just that through its efficient work practices. This fast-food model offers people an efficient method for satisfying many needs. (Ritzer, 1996, Pp. 9-11) To achieve this efficiency, workers in McDonaldized systems function efficiently. They are provided with training to work this way by managers, who supervise over them closely to make sure they come up to standards. This is ensured by organizational rules and regulations regarding production of highly efficient work. On the other hand, McDonalds also offers calculability, which is an emphasis on the quantitative aspects of products sold (portion size, cost) and service offered. Quantity has become equivalent to quality; that is something that must be good. The common customers perception of bigger is better, is very successfully satisfied with McDonalds Quarter Pounder, the Big Mac, and the large fries. People quantify these things and realize that they are getting a lot of food for quite less money. For consumers this is the best deal but for the food-food outlets this is the extraordinary profitability. (Ritzer, 1996, Pp. 9-11) Consumers also calculate the time it takes to drive to McDonalds, be served the food, eat it, and return home; and then, they compare that duration to the time required to prepare food at home. They believe that it takes them less time to get it from McDonalds than prepare the whole meal at home. This calculation obviously supports home-delivery franchises such as Mcdonalds, which emphasis on time saving. The McDonaldized institutions combine the emphases on time and money. Workers at McDonaldized systems emphasize the quantitative rather than the qualitative aspects of their work. This causes the workers to focus more on the amount of work they do rather than how well they do it, at times. This is how McDonalds employs Frederick Taylors Scientific management work practices, that related the work directly with pay. (Daft, 1997) The third element of the McDonalization is that McDonalds offers predictability, the assurance that the products and services will be the same every time and in all outlets. For example, the Egg McMuffin in New York is identical to those in Chicago and Los Angeles. To be more precise, those eaten next week or next year will be identical to those eaten today. This provides a great comfort in knowing that McDonalds offers no surprises, its service is predictable. People know that the next Egg McMuffin they eat will taste about the same as the others they have eaten; it will be what is expected and in mind of the consumer. The success of the McDonalds model explains that many people have come to prefer a world in which there are few surprises, because unpredictability can be dangerous too (Ritzer, 1996, Pp. 9-11) . Relating this to the work practices at McDonalds, the workers in McDonaldized systems also behave in predictable ways. They are confined by the corporate rules as well as the dictates of their managers. McDonalds offers extensive training to its employees, which is so standardized that whatever the employees say at customer touch points is scripted by the managers themselves. McDonalds has pioneered in the routinization of interactive service work (Ritzer, 1996, Pp. 9-11). Fourthly, McDonalds practices control, especially through the substitution of nonhuman for human technology. A human technology is controlled by people; a nonhuman technology (controls people. The people who eat in fast-food restaurants are controlled through lines, limited menus, few options, and uncomfortable seats. All of these enable the customers to eat quickly and leave (Ritzer, 1996, Pp. 9-11). The employees in McDonalds working under the McDonaldized organizations are also controlled to a high degree. They are provided trained to do a limited number of tasks in precisely the way they are ordered to do them. The technologies and the way the organization is set up reinforce this control. Managers and supervisors make sure that workers follow the line. (Ritzer, 1996, Pp. 9-11). How does McDonalds makes sure employees follow up to this control? It threatens them to replace them with technology. But employees cannot be controlled from fouling up the systems operation. The manager cannot control a slow worker, who can still make the preparation and delivery of a Big Mac inefficient and worker who refuses to follow the rules might leave the pickles or special sauce off a hamburger, thereby making for unpredictability. And then a distracted worker can put too few fries in the box, making an order of large fries seem skimpy. It is for these reasons, McDonalds has been obliged to steadily replace human beings with non-human technologies, such as the soft-drink dispenser that shuts itself off when the glass is full, the french-fry machine that rings and lifts itself out of the oil when the fries are crisp, the preprogrammed cash register that eliminates the need for the cashier to calculate prices and amounts, and, perhaps at some future time, the robot capable of making hamburgers. Such technologies increase the companys control over workers. And in this way McDonalds can assure customers that their employees and service will be consistent (Ritzer, 1996, Pp. 9-11). Increasing Competitive Advantages Being an innovation leader in the food service industry, McDonalds does not let its creative heads fall asleep. It is always looking for new directions to improve its customer services to pave way for profitable business. Following are the ways in which McDonalds can sustain and increase its competitive advantage in the face of aggressive rivalry in the food service industry. Enhancing Organizational Creativity McDonalds can enhance its organizational creativity by: Embracing diversity one of the best ways to cultivate a culture of creativity is to hire a diverse workforce. When people solve problems or come up with ideas, they do so in the same framework of their experience. Hiring people from different backgrounds, cultural experiences, hobbies, and interests provides the company with crucial raw material needed for creativity. Expecting Creativity employees rend to rise- or fall- to the level of expectations of entrepreneurs have of them. One of the best ways to communicate the expectation of creativity is to give employees permission to be creative (Morris, 2009) Expecting and tolerating failure creative ideas will produce failures as wells as successes. People who never fail are not being creative. Creativity requires taking chances and managers must remove employees fear of failure. The surest way to quash creativity throughout an organization is to punish employees who try something new and fail. Encouraging curiosity McDonalds may keep its managers and employees asking the question what if and take a maybe we could attitude to break out of assumptions that limit creativity. Viewing Problems as Challenges every problem offers an opportunity for innovation. Entrepreneurs who allow employees to dump all of their problems to desk to be fixed do nothing to develop the creativity within those employees. Providing Creative Training almost everyone has the capacity to be creative, but developing creativity requires training. Training accomplished through books, seminars, workshops and professional meeting can help everyone learn to tap their creative capacity. Providing Support the higher level management of McDonalds should give employees the tools and resources they need to be creative. One of the most valuable resources is time. Rewarding creativity they can also encourage creativity by rewarding it when it occurs. Financial rewards can be effective motivation but non-monetary rewards such as praise, recognition, and celebration can be more powerful incentives. Modeling Creative Behavior creativity is caught as much as it is taught. Companies that excel at innovation find that the passion for creativity starts at the top. Entrepreneurs set examples of creative behavior, take chance and challenge the status quo will soon find their employees doing the same (Morris, 2009). Improving the Creative Process Teams of people working together usually can generate more and more creative idea. Three techniques McDonalds can use to improve the quality of creative ideas that follow from its Innovation Council: brainstorming, mind-mapping and rapid prototyping. Brainstorming is a process in which a small group of people interact with very little structure with the goal of producing a large quantity of novel and imaginative ideas. Another useful tool for jump-starting creativity is mind mapping, an extension of brainstorming. The strength of mind mapping is that it reflects the way the brain actually works. Rather than browsing out ideas in a linear fashion, the brain jumps from one idea to another. Generating creative ideas is a critical step in the process of taking an idea for a product or a service successfully to the market. However, entrepreneurs find that most of their ideas wont work and thats where rapid prototyping plays an important part in the creative process. The promise behind rapid prototyping is that transforming an idea into an actual model will point out flaws in the original idea and will lead to improvements in its design (Hisrich, 2009). Conclusion Dick and Mac were the ones who opened the first McDonalds restaurant in 1940 in San Bernardino, California, and at that time they could not have imagined the worldwide phenomial success that McDonalds now enjoys. What got them famous was their winning formula of selling a high quality product cheaply and quickly. The business really began to grow immensely once Ray Kroc, a Chicago based salesman, who was a marketing expert, joined the team (Watson, 2002). He decided to spread McDonalds formula throughout the United States and beyond. McDonalds now has more than 30,000 restaurants all over the world. Its serves 46 million customers everyday, that is equal to a lunch and dinner for every man, woman, and child in the world! McDonalds enjoys sales over $38bn from the entire world, which make it the biggest food service company internationally. McDonalds paradox of success lies with innovation and giving customer satisfaction the priority for its service offerings and operations. It keeps track of industry changes, anticipates consumer preferences and incorporates them into the product. Also, insights and communication with owner operators provides new product ideas and a highly effective and successful innovation process that is dealt by the McDonalds innovation council and together with the organizational culture of McDonalisation, it is practicing innovation in all aspects and providing innovation embedded services all around the world. But even a company like McDonalds has room for improvement, whereby it can enhance the creativity of its organization by infusing the culture of innovation more predominantly than before into each organizational level and improving the overall creative idea generating process. In the face of globalization, innovation offers a highly effective opportunity which companies like McDonald are making effective use of but it is more of a continuous process rather than a one-time thing.

The Psychology of Robert Frost’s Nature Poetry Essay examples -- Rober

The Psychology of Robert Frost’s Nature Poetry Robert Frost’s nature poetry occupies a significant place in the poetic arts; however, it is likely Frost’s use of nature is the most misunderstood aspect of his poetry. While nature is always present in Frost’s writing, it is primarily used in a â€Å"pastoral sense† (Lynen 1). This makes sense as Frost did consider himself to be a shepherd. Frost uses nature as an image that he wants us to see or a metaphor that he wants us to relate to on a psychological level. To say that Frost is a nature poet is inaccurate. His poetry is in the main psychologically oriented with emphasis on specific recurring themes, which include, but are not limited to, loneliness, retreat, spirituality, darkness, and death. Frost said himself repeatedly, â€Å"I am not a nature poet. There is almost always a person in my poems† (quoted in Thompson). This may be hard for some to grasp, as Frost is world renowned for his alleged nature theme. Contrary to popular opinion, nature is not Frost’s central theme in his poetry; it is the contrast between man and nature as well as the conflicts that arise between the two entities. Frost’s nature poetry interconnects the world of the natural and the world of human beings – Both key elements of his motivation in writing poetry. The harsh reality of nature and the thoughtless expectations in the minds of man scarcely cohere to one another. Frost usually starts with an observation in nature, contemplates it and then connects it to some psychological concern (quoted in Thompson). According to Thompson, â€Å"His poetic impulse starts with some psychological concern and finds its way to a material embodiment which usually includes a natural scene† (quoted in Thompson). According to John F. Lynen, â€Å"Frost sees in nature a symbol of man’s relation to the world. Though he writes about a forest or a wildflower, his real subject is humanity†¦his concept of nature†¦is a paradox and it points toward the greater paradox in man himself† (4,5). Lynen also states that â€Å"the struggle between the human imagination and the meaningless void man confronts is the subject of poem after poem† (6). On speaking of Frost’s nature poetry, Gerber says, â€Å"with equanimity Frost investigates the basic themes of man’s life: the individual’s relationships to himself, to his fellow man, to his world, and to his God† (117). All of these... ...adily yield its meaning to anyone (Bloom 9). From that last statement, one can recognize that indeed Robert Frost’s nature poetry is more than blooming flowers and snowy nights; obviously there is an underlying psychological meaning in most of his poems. Works Cited Bloom, Harold, ed. Modern Critical Views; Robert Frost First Edition, New York et al, Chelsea House Pub., 1986.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Marks, Herbert. â€Å"The Counter-Intelligence of Robert Frost†. Pack, Robert. â€Å"Frost’s Enigmatical Reserve: The Poet as Teacher and Preacher†. Gerber, Phillip L., Robert Frost Revised Edition, ed. Kenneth Eble, New York, Twayne Publishers, 1982. Lynen, John F., The Pastoral Art of Robert Frost New Haven, Yale University Press, 1960. Poirier, Richard and Mark Richardson eds. Robert Frost; Collected Poems, Prose, & Plays 1st Edition, New York, The Library of America, 1995. Kennedy, X.J. and Dana Gioia, eds. Literature; An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry & Drama 7th Edition, New York, et al, Longman, 1999.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Frost, Robert, â€Å"The Road Not Taken†, 910 Thompson, Carol, â€Å"Frost and Nature† Bennington, The Friends of Robert Frost, 2000 http://www.frostfriends.org/tutorial-4.html

Book Review Of “The Devil In The Shape Of A Woman: Witchcraft In Colonial New England”

The book, â€Å"The Devil in the Shape of a Woman: Witchcraft in Colonial New England,† is a must read considering the huge amount of recent work on early witch lore that is being published. This book takes a critical look at the history in New England between 1620 and 1725 during the Puritan period. It is a feminist perspective and the insight into early New England society during a very troubling period in American history.It differs from many history books including our text on the standard accounts by showing that many of those persecuted were women who for many different types of reasons, threatened the male-dominant social order. The author goes into details with evidence that shows that persecuted and accused witches were usually older married women who had violated the religious or economic Puritan social hierarchy.Many of these women that were called witches were past their childbearing years and sometimes they were the recipients of inheritances, these women threaten ed the male-dominance social order that got resentment from their middle-aged accusers. Karlsen shows that the accused witches were women whose family lives were touched in many ways financially by claiming that most, â€Å"stood to inherit, did inherit or were denied their apparent right to inherit† larger portions than women of families with male heirs (Karlsen, p.101). This was definitely problematic for males of the time and caused problems in families and with relatives within the communities especially if these women were openly demanding or defending their rights. These inheritance conflicts are what Karlsen sees as symptomatic of the larger social and ideological problems, â€Å"for they expose the fear of independent women that lay at the heart of New England’s nightmare† (Karlsen, p. 213).There were also two really good points that give this book very good insight into what happened during that time period in New England. It was that they showed first an analysis of women’s culture in New England during those colonial times. Puritan women were to be good wives, good mothers and helpers to their mates. It showed the popular hatred and discrimination of women as a very common and accepted condition and tradition of that time. This was shown through thoughts and conduct of the settlers.This view shows just how complex relationships between Puritanism and traditional English popular culture really were. These kinds of attitudes when looked at as a whole, show how it was used to suppress the individualistic action among women, and that suppression could have taken the form of witchcraft accusation. The other point made that should be noted is that â€Å"the possessed and their ministers were engaged in a fierce negotiation, initiated by the possessed, about the legitimacy of female discontent, resentment and anger† (Karlsen, p.246). This kind of thought for this statement, I found rather weak, because it’s only so urce of the information came from one extremely well documented case but most was based on hearsay. Overall, I found the book to be very well documented with excellent sources. In my opinion the book was an excellent example on how modern theory can be applied in a useful way to show the character of Puritan thought, changes in the role of women through the ages, and the ultimate end of witchcraft persecution in New England.The description and analyses the author uses help to give the reader an understanding of witch lore and status women had in Early New England. It would be a good book for undergraduate study as well as the general reader of history. It induces the reader to see a different perspective of their views and what was commonly taught on the New England witch hunts. The textbook, â€Å"America Past and Present Volume I, 7th Ed. † By Robert A. Divine (et al. ), really only talked of the standard historical context of what took place during this turbulent time.Accu sations of witchcraft were not uncommon in seventeenth century New England. Puritans believed that many individuals would make a compact with the devil, but during the first decades of settlement, authorities executed only about fifteen alleged witches. Sometimes villagers simply left suspected witches alone. Karlsen would argue that the only women who would fight for their rights were accused and probably there weren’t very many women at that time that would stand up against the standards that were set for women or norms for women of that society.Witchcraft was believed to originate in a bargain between man or woman and the Devil by which they agreed to sell their soul to the Devil. The terror in Salem Village began in late 1691, when several young girls began behaving strangely such as crying out for no reason and falling to the ground twitching. When asked what the problem was, they replied that they were victims of witches that were living in the community. Even with the arrest of several women accused and prayer did not give relief to these girls.It was even reported that one of the accused confessed, no doubt after interrogation that was sometimes very brutal. The textbook notes that â€Å"No one knows exactly what sparked the terror in Salem Village† (Divine, p. 85). But with Karlsen book it helps in giving a possible reason. The text gave the reason to the end of this persecution to a group of Congregational ministers that urged leniency and restraint and something that was especially troubling to the clergymen was the court’s decision to accept dreams and visions in which the accused appeared as the devil’s agent.They worried those individuals that were being convicted on this type of testimony and they stated, â€Å"It were better than ten suspected witches should escape, than that one innocent person should be condemned† (Divine, p. 85). The colonial government accepted the minister’s advice and convened a n ew court, which promptly acquitted, pardoned, or released the remaining suspects. From this point, witchcraft ceased to be a capital offense. The book cites that the terror of the witchcraft scare was probably due to angry factions over the choice of a minister.Another possible reason suggested is that socio-economic conflict, the colony had recently experienced, and a lack of enlightenment contributed to the hysteria. This would follow closely to what Carol F. Karlsen expressed in her book. In my opinion, history textbooks tend to give us just one view, and usually the commonly accepted view of what took place historically. There is so much history to be analyzed and studied that textbooks can only include the fundamentals of all these events.It is up to the authors of books such as Carol F. Karlsen, to help give the true detective of history a broader look at how historical events shaped and created the society of then and today. If we don’t know where we came from, then ho w do we know where we should go? The book gave a very excellent twist to the sociological perspective to witchcraft in the New England Colonies and to me gave a more plausible reason as to just why these witch hunts might have happened.

Donald Trump Executive Orders - List and Details

President Donald Trump signed more than half a dozen executive orders in his first 10 days in the White House including a controversial crackdown on immigration from Muslim countries that he made a central part of his 2016 campaign. Trump even used his authority to issue executive orders on his first day on office, bypassing the legislative process even though he criticized President Barack Obamas use of the power as major power grabs of authority. Trump’s first executive orders blocked some refugees from entering the United States, expedited environmental reviews of major infrastructure projects, prevented executive branch employees from lobbying within five years of leaving their job or working for foreign countries, and began the process of repealing the  Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, or Obamacare. Trumps most controversial executive order, by far, imposed a temporary ban on refugees and citizens of seven Muslim-majority countries - Iraq, Iran, Sudan, Somalia, Syria, Libya and Yemen -  from entering the United States. I hereby proclaim that the entry of more than 50,000 refugees in fiscal year 2017 would be detrimental to the interests of the United States, and thus suspend any such entry until such time as I determine that additional admissions would be in the national interest, Trump wrote.  That executive order, signed on Jan. 27, 2017, was met with protests around the world and legal challenges at home.   Trump also issued a number of executive actions, which are not the same as executive orders. Executive actions are any informal proposals or moves by the president, or anything the president calls on Congress or his administration to do. Executive orders  are legally binding directives from the president to federal administrative agencies. These executive orders are  published in the Federal Register, which tracks and published proposed and final regulations including proclamations by the president. List of Donald Trumps First Executive Orders Heres a list of the executive orders Trump issued soon after he took office. Minimizing the Economic Burden of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act Pending Repeal: Trump signed this executive order on Jan. 20, 2017, within hours of moving into the White House. The executive order did not repeal Obamacare, or even ask Congress to repeal Obamas signature legislative accomplishment, even though Trump promised during the campaign that on day one of the Trump administration, we will ask Congress to immediately deliver a full repeal of Obamacare. Trumps executive order on Obamacare only instructed federal agencies to uphold the law while also  working to minimize the unwarranted economic and regulatory burdens on American citizens and companies.Expediting Environmental Reviews and Approvals For High Priority Infrastructure Projects: Trump signed this executive order on Jan. 24, 2017. The order  requires the government streamline and expedite, in a manner consistent with law, environmental reviews and approvals for all infrastructure projects, though T rump is vague on exactly how the order should be carried out. Trumps order does require the chairman of the White House Council on Environmental Quality to determine whether a project is a  high priority,  and subject to fast-tracking, in  30 days or less.  Enhancing Public Safety in the Interior of the United States: Trump signed this executive order on Jan. 25, 2017. It cuts off federal money to so-called sanctuary cities, municipalities that do not enforce immigration laws. Sanctuary jurisdictions across the United States willfully violate Federal law in an attempt to shield aliens from removal from the United States. These jurisdictions have caused immeasurable harm to the American people and to the very fabric of our Republic, Trump wrote. The order also expanded the definition of undocumented immigration the government could deport.Border Security and Immigration Enforcement Improvements: Trump signed this executive order on Jan. 25, 2017, in a first step at fulfilling his campaign pledge to build a wall along the United States border with Mexico.  It is the policy of the executive branch to secure the southern border of the United States through the immediate construction of a physical wall on the southern border, monitored and supported by adequate personnel so as to prevent illegal immigration, drug and human trafficking, and acts of terrorism, Trump wrote. The order did not, however, spell out a mechanism to pay for the wall, although Trump said a tax on imports from Mexico os 20 percent could be among a buffet of options.Protecting the Nation From Foreign Terrorist Entry Into the United States: Trump signed this executive order, by far his most controversial, on Jan. 27. In order to protect Americans, the United States must ensure that those admitted to this country do not bear hostile attitudes toward it and its founding principles. The United States cannot, and should not, admit those who do not support the Constitution, or those who wou ld place violent ideologies over American law, Trump wrote. The ban on immigrants from seven countries was to last 90 days. The ban on refugees was to last for 120 days.Ethics Commitments by Executive Branch Appointees: Trump signed this order on Jan. 28, 2017. The orders requires executive branch employees to sign an ethic policy that bans them from lobbying their agency for at least five years after leaving the government. It also prohibits them from working on behalf of a  foreign government or foreign political party, and  accepting gifts from registered lobbyists and lobbying organizations.Reducing Regulation and Controlling Regulatory Costs:  Trump signed this order on Jan. 30, 2017. This order requires the federal government to eliminate two regulations  for every one new regulation issued. â€Å"If you have a regulation you want, No. 1, we’re not gonna approve it because it’s already been approved probably in 17 different forms. But if we do, the only way you have a chance is we have to knock out two regulations for every new regulation. So if there’s a new regulation, they have to knock out two,  Trump said while signing the executive order. The order states that the cost of imposing and enforcing new regulations must not add spending to the federal budget, essentially requiring the elimination of older regulations.       Trump Criticism of Executive Orders Trump made use of executive orders even though he criticized Obamas use of them. In July 2012, for example, Trump used Twitter, a favorite social media tool of his, to knock the president: â€Å"Why is BarackObama constantly issuing executive orders that are major power grabs of authority?† But Trump didn’t go so far as to say he would decline the use of executive orders for himself, saying Obama â€Å"led the way.† I wont refuse it. Im going to do a lot of things, Trump said in January 2016, adding that his executive orders would be for the â€Å"right things.† â€Å"I’m going to use them much better and they’re going to serve a much better purpose than he’s done,† he said. Trump actually promised on the campaign trail that he would use his authority to issue executive orders on some issues. In December 2015, Trump promised he would impose the death penalty on anyone convicted of killing a police officer via executive order. One of the first things I do, in terms of executive order if I win, will be to sign a strong, strong statement that will go out to the country - out to the world - that anybody killing a policeman, policewoman, a police officer - anybody killing a police officer, the death penalty. Its going to happen, OK? Trump said at the time.